Top Shoes Brands in Pakistan 2023

 High-quality Top Shoes Brands In Pakistan offer more than just stability and support for our feet. They also aid in the healing process and contribute to better foot health. Additionally, reputable shoe brands can help align the back, hips, knees, ankles, and feet, leading to improved posture and corrected gait. While numerous shoe brands are available in the market, it is crucial to find a brand that surpasses all your expectations.

Footwear is an essential component that completes and enhances any outfit. Not only do shoes contribute to our overall look, but they also serve a crucial purpose in shielding our feet from extreme temperatures. To ensure optimal support for your feet, it is important to choose shoes that are both flexible and durable

 Introduction

Pakistan is a fascinating land, rich in natural resources with a strong agricultural base. Its farmlands are excellent grazing grounds for the high quality livestock it breeds. Pakistan Tanning Industry is well established and produces high quality finished leather from hides as well as skins. Pakistan has inherited centuries old craftsmanship of shoe making and its popular brands like Khussas, a hand crafted footwear with thick leather used in uppers and soles and special stitching process, is still exported in huge quantities.

 

Khussa

 

The time-honoured efficient skills have been blended with most modern technology to produce highly attractive styles, designs and shapes that are comfortable and durable and have great universal appeal.

Bata

 

Bata Shoes. When it comes to footwear, Bata is among the most well-known and prestigious shoes in Pakistan. ..Bata is the leading shoe brand in Pakistan, has been operating in the country since 1942. With a remarkable achievement of selling over one million shoes each day, Bata has established its reputation for producing comfortable and luxurious footwear for men.

 

Whether you’re looking for top-quality shoes for women, men, or children of all ages, Bata offers a diverse range. Their stores are conveniently located in major cities across Pakistan. Bata’s school shoes for children are highly durable, ensuring years of use without any concerns. It’s a preferred choice among parents due to its affordability and widespread availability. Notably, Bata’s collection of sportswear and sandals is extensive, allowing you to find a suitable pair that fits both your preferences and budget with ease.

 

Servis

 

 

 

 

Servis a renowned shoe brand in Pakistan has gained significant popularity over the years. Since its establishment in 1959, Servis has been providing durable footwear for individuals of all ages. The athletic shoes offered by Servis are highly comfortable and of excellent quality. Additionally, Servis offers a wide range of casual chappals, sandals, and formal shoes for both men and women.

 

 Customers favor Servis due to the superior quality and durability of their shoes. The brand is committed to meeting Pakistan’s footwear needs and ensuring the delivery of outstanding products. With numerous outlets spread across the country, Servis shoes are easily accessible.

This means you can conveniently order Servis shoes for your entire family, regardless of your location. The brand also offers a delightful assortment of lace-up oxfords, dress shoes, and casual footwear in various styles and colors.

Mochari

 

 

Mochari is a luxury shoe company in Pakistan, is renowned for producing footwear of the highest quality. Each pair of Mochari shoes is trendy, fashionable, and truly unique. The brand’s handmade shoes are crafted with utmost care to meet all your requirements.

 

The color selection and design of Mochari shoes reflect the rich history and heritage of Pakistan. They offer an extensive winter shoe collection that adds charm to your personality. Whether you’re attending a party or heading to the office, Mochari ensures to serve you in the best possible way. You can find Mochari stores in major cities across Pakistan, including Lahore and Islamabad. When it comes to Mochari, the epitome of luxury footwear comes to mind.

The shoes are of exceptional quality, featuring the latest designs. This popular brand offers a range of versatile handmade shoes, both casual and formal, suitable for any occasion and can be paired with various outfits.

 

 Borjan

 

 

Borjan is renowned for its exceptional quality shoes specifically designed for women and its number forth for best shoes brands in Pakistan. With prices starting from 1,100 Pakistani rupees, Borjan offers a wide range of premium footwear, including sandals and chappals. Their collection is versatile, complementing both formal and casual outfits. Borjan also provides loafers and dress shoes that prioritize comfort and stability.

 

The brand’s modern and fashionable designs instill trust and confidence in shoppers. The latest designs and the softness of Borjan shoes create a feeling of walking on sand, even after being on your feet for several hours

In Pakistan’s footwear sector, Borjan is no small name, as it has been showcasing some of Pakistan’s most well-liked and sought-after footwear.

The company offers both traditional and contemporary designs, encompassing the best of both worlds. This company offers simple yet elegant designs for every event at reasonable pricing.

 

 Hush Puppies

Hush Puppies, an American shoe business, has a huge and vehement following in Pakistan. The business continually makes the best men’s shoes and keeps up with fashion trends.

Hush Puppies is the preferred brand among men in the Pakistani shoe market in list of top 10 shoes brands in Pakistan. It has a strong presence in 165 countries, including Pakistan, with numerous popular stores. This brand stays up-to-date with changing trends and consistently produces high-quality shoes for men. As a result, you can explore a wide range of men’s shoes that boast modern designs, ultimate comfort, and functionality.

 

Hush Puppies shoes are known for their softness and coziness, making them ideal for long travels. The brand offers beautiful colors like brown and black, which are perfect choices for both formal and informal events. You can find Hush Puppies outlets in several major cities throughout Pakistan.

Men’s shoes are available in many different styles, all of which are built for maximum comfort. Hush Puppies make comfortable, fluffy footwear. These sneakers are very comfortable and long-lasting.

Given that it is one of the top shoe brands in Pakistan, its footwear is available in all price ranges

 

Nike

 

 

Nike, a popular brand known for its use of luxurious leather, has established outlets in major cities of Pakistan, including Multan, Islamabad, and Lahore, among others. The brand offers a wide range of footwear options, such as sneakers, sports shoes, running shoes, golf shoes, and air force shoes, among others. Nike sports shoes are particularly favored by health-conscious individuals.

 

Those who engage in workouts and running activities find Nike shoes to be an excellent choice. While Nike shoes may come at a higher price, their impressive quality justifies the investment. The innovative designs, proper fit, and functional features of Nike shoes make them a worthy investment. Wearing Nike shoes not only provides a lively and sophisticated look but also ensures optimal and safe performance during various activities.

 Gucci

 

Gucci, a renowned international brand, holds significant popularity in Pakistan and across the globe. The brand’s shoes are highly regarded for their exceptional quality, which justifies their higher price range. Gucci never compromises on durability and maintains a high standard of craftsmanship. Investing in Gucci shoes is considered a wise decision, as each penny spent on them proves to be a valuable investment.

 

Gucci offers a wide variety of shoe options, including herringbone loafers, men’s floral jacquard loafers, tweed loafers, and classic loafers that are bound to captivate your heart. Whether you’re in search of casual or formal shoes, such as dresses, lace-ups, sneakers, or loafers, Gucci provides a range that caters to daily use while ensuring both comfort and mobility for the wearer.

Metro

 

As the name implies, the metro shoe is a leading Pakistani brand, which was founded in 1986. The shoe store is ISO certified with a vivid vision of dealing with the demands of society as far as shoes are concerned. In a very short time period, Metro Shoes has earned a good reputation nationally and internationally. It is now well recognized in fashion footwear and accessories all over the country.

Metro is   a well-established shoe brand in Pakistan, began its operations in 1986. It has gained recognition for producing trendy, fashionable, and high-quality shoes. With a presence both nationally and internationally, Metro offers durable footwear at the best value.

 

The brand’s remarkable styles, excellent quality, and reasonable prices make it the top choice among shoe brands in Pakistan. Metro’s shoes often blend the latest trends with traditional elements, catering to the diverse preferences of the Pakistani community.

 

Whether you seek contemporary or traditional footwear, Metro can fulfill your requirements. The brand’s success lies in its commitment to meeting customer needs and targeting the right market segment. Moreover, Metro shoes are known for their discounted prices, making them affordable and appealing to customers who desire a professional yet stylish look.

The company deals in displaying a large variety of diverse shoes including a range of fancy shoes, seasonal shoes, formal shoes, part wear shoes and bridal shoes. Its bridal collection of footwear is amazing! The glue never comes off the shoes even after wearing it for years and not taking proper care!

Metro Shoes are one of the finest shoes available in Pakistan because they keep in mind the intricate design, detailing, and quality of the leather. Women are all hearts for this brand as they deem their demands of office wear, cheeky designs for party wear, and bridal wear. The shoe’s styles and designs are awesome as far as appearance and quality are concerned, but again the shoe lacks in comfort. One cannot wear it all day long and run around to perform work tasks

 Levi’s

 

 

Levi Strauss is among top shoes brands in Pakistan, established in 1853, is recognized as one of the best international shoe companies that has gained popularity in both international and domestic markets. Levi’s produces high-quality shoes for both men and women. The brand’s exceptional quality and excellent service set it apart from other renowned shoe brands in Pakistan.

 

Levi’s offers a remarkable range of casual and formal shoes at discounted prices. All Levi’s shoes are known for their comfort and flexibility. The brand excels in producing top-quality men’s shoes with traditional styles and designs. By choosing Levi’s, you can effortlessly stay up-to-date with the latest trends and fashions. Whether you’re spending the day at work or heading out for a night on the town, Levi’s shoes ensure you’re well-prepared and stylishly dressed.

 J. Shoes

 

J. shoes, a brand founded by the famous personality Junaid Jamshed, has made its mark in the Pakistani shoe industry. With prices starting from 2,500 Pakistani rupees, J.shoes specializes in producing traditional chappals that cater to the Pakistani audience.

 

The brand’s shoes are particularly suitable for those who appreciate and embrace their formal cultural attire. With 100 stores across Pakistan, J.shoes offers a wide range of premium footwear known for its durability. Each pair of shoes created by J.shoes is stylish, flexible, and comfortable, ensuring a satisfying wearing experience.

Stylo Shoes

 

Stylo Shoes is renowned for its broad selection and variety of shoe designs. . Stylo Shoes is renowned for its broad selection and variety of shoe designs. Stylo, as the name implies, never runs out of style since it consistently put out the latest fashion statements and trends. As a result, Stylo is regarded as one of the top female shoe companies in Pakistan.

There are more options than just shoes for everyday use; you can also discover elegant bridal gowns and shoes appropriate for weddings, which will make any bride stand out on her special day. You can also find shoes for children, ensuring that your little ones follow your sense of style.

 

IELGY

Recently, Pakistan has paid a lot of attention to IELGY, a growing worldwide brand. This is primarily attributable to the breadth and calibre of their shoe selection. IELGY is the best option if you’ve ever wanted to purchase a stylish pair of sneakers.

If you ever see stylish OOTDs(outfit of the day) from bloggers abroad and want to incorporate such looks into your wardrobe, keep browsing IELGY’s collection you might find the perfect pair of shoes to add to your cart.

 

Adidas

 

 

No other branch can beat Adidas when it comes to quality, effortless flair, and practicality. The brand’s sports shoes are among the best in the market, and its iconic Adidas Superstars are well-known for being the stylish sneakers everyone wants.

When it comes to engaging in various sports activities, they are frequently the first preference for many Pakistanis. Adidas is regarded as one of the top sports shoe manufacturers in Pakistan for this reason.

 

Maazu Shoes

Another growing company in Pakistan, Maazu Shoes is renowned for producing some of the best-handcrafted footwear manufactured from 100 per centreal cow leather. They function flawlessly to enhance every look and attire, allowing you to always feel your most confident and finest.

Because of this, Maazu is regarded as one of the top 10 men’s shoe companies in Pakistan. Browse and explore their vast assortment, which is always curated with quality and trends in mind. 

 

Ndure Shoes

Ndure is a well-known brand of men’s shoes in Pakistan. Ndure sells chappals, moccasins, and formal shoes for both men and women. It is among the most cherished brands in the country due to the durability and high quality of its footwear. Ndure strives to satisfy Pakistan’s need for footwear while delivering high-quality goods.

There are hundreds of stores situated all across the country, ensuring comfort at your doorsteps. Although Ndure shoes come in a range of styles and colours, their casual shoes are among their most well-known products.

 

ECS

The company has rapidly turned into a household name, as you can buy clothing, shoes, bags, accessories, and even fragrances. The company sells shoes in a variety of fashionable styles, all while keeping their price at a minimum.

   Ehsan Chapel House abbreviated as ECS took its first step in 1954 in the well-known market of Anarkali located in the historical city Lahore of Pakistan. The founding father of this famous brand is Mr. Salman Siddiqui. The store worked hard in making it famous and reliable among the citizens of Pakistan. They arranged their stores in college funfair exhibitions, just to let people know about its range and pricing.

Through their strong work ethics flexible approaches and trustworthiness, they gain the love of their customers and now the brand is operational in all the capital cities of Pakistan offering its customers a wide range of casual, formal, semi-formal, party wear, and bridal collections.                        

 

Skechers

Their footwear is renowned for being of the highest calibre available. And the level of comfort you experience while donning a pair of Skechers is unmatched. For this reason, it is one of Pakistan’s best shoe brands.

Once you own a pair of Skechers sneakers, going back will be impossible. They have a huge selection that covers a wide range of requirements and market niches, in short, they have shoes for everyone.

 

 

URBAN SOLE  

 

Urban sole is a leading Pakistani brand dealing in shoes has started its journey with the first step taken in the year1998, when the company was fashioned as a national brand with an international stance so to say. The name and the shoe styles are all western and a nonprofessional cannot think of it as Pakistani brand just by looking at outlook. That is the vision behind it, beating the international standard with their own mindset.

Urban Sole has matured itself to countrywide retail webwork of over 40 stores dealing in retail, along with a wholesale network that springs to over 300 self-governing wholesale distribution stations. The brand exports its supplies to a number of countries including Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, and the United Kingdom.

 The urban sole has recently extended its business into international markets, providing them with the best quality leather and comfort level. The quality, comfort, and finest quality materials, along with the assurance of innovation and new ideas are the key factors in making Urban Sole a success.

Urban sole shoes are tailored to be up-to-the-minute and up-to-date with the modern fashion inclinations, offering its customer a wide selection of sophisticated, comfortable, and casual shoes thoroughly designed with hand-sewn artisanship by the hard-working factory workers and the handpicked material to make sure that each shoe is a masterwork. Urban Sole shoes are comfortable to wear but for just two years, after that, the soles are pressed.

Problems feed by the Leather and Shoe industry in Pakistan

 

Leather manufacturing sector in Pakistan does suffer because of massive smuggling of livestock to other countries, shortage of raw material and absence of the organized dairy farming in the country. Moreover, diseases in the livestock in Pakistan can prove hurdle in the manufacturing and exports of finished products of leather. As a result the live animals are suffering from different diseases that damage the quality of the leather and tarnish the image of products at international level.

The duties on the import of tanneries related machinery need to be further reduced. The machinery made locally is technologically inferior which not only increases the cost of production but restrains from developing at par with the international market.

 State Bank of Pakistan’s (SBP) Annual Report

The State Bank of Pakistan’s (SBP) Annual Report 2020-21 shows that Pakistan’s leather industry contracted significantly in FY21 which demands serious attention of the policymakers.

Although the leather industry of Pakistan has been underperforming for the past several years but the last two years have been particularly alarming for it. In these two years, a sharp decline was witnessed in the industry’s output which resulted in 9.1% and 26.4% contraction in growth in FY20 and FY21, respectively.

 successive governments in Pakistan   failed to exploit the true potential of this segment. Although the leather sector has been enjoying a handful of incentives including exemption from customs duty on imports and low regulatory duties but still the desired growth in exports is yet to materialise. The key reason is expensive imports due to persistent devaluation of rupee against the US dollar. Owing to absence of locally produced accessories, majority of the raw material for leather garment manufacturing, such as zips, buttons and threads, has to be imported. This drives up the cost of production, lowering the competitiveness of Pakistan’s leather products in the global export market.

 

Data released by International Trade Centre (ITC) showed that Pakistan’s leather exports slid from $1.25 billion in 2011 to $0.85 billion in 2020.

 

Data from the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS) revealed that exports of leather and leather goods fell from $918.13 million in FY17 to $833.19 million in FY21. The sector’s earnings moved from $765.35 million in FY20 to $833.19 million in FY21, rising by 8.86%. However, this growth was witnessed primarily due to low base of the preceding year.

 

The recent growth observed in leather exports was seen due to two reasons. First, there was an increase in the average unit price per square meter of tanned leather (from $10.89 in FY20 to $12.9 in FY21) and second, export volumes registered a rise. Outward shipments of leather apparel and clothing surged 28.54% while export of gloves and footwear increased by 36.5% and 21.9% respectively.

 

Had the production of tanned leather not dropped by 25.7% alongside a reduction in values of other leather goods, Pakistan could have fetched far higher foreign exchange earnings.

The huge difference between export of tanned leather in FY20 and FY21 demands some explanation. The Pakistan Economic Survey 2020-2021 shows meagre difference of 2.5% in the production of hides and skins—77.6 million in FY20 against 79.6 million in FY21.

 

 Factors that impeded exports

 

The main reasons behind this are absence of swift collection of fresh hides and skins with modern preservation techniques and lack of skilled and trained labour for primary storage to avoid spoilage. Tanneries have to upgrade their technologies. They should also consider establishment of Combined Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) to mitigate environmental degradation which would help them gain certifications of leather products from international accredited agencies like Leather Working Group (LWG).

 

According to ITC trade map’s ranking of leather product exports, two of our neighbors are among top ten exporters in the world. China ranks first with total leather exports of almost $60 billion in 2020 and India is placed at 10th with export value of around $3.76 billion.

 

Based on the ITC trade map, total global export value of the commodity stood at $186.5 billion which means that more than one-third of the global exports are covered by these two countries whereas Pakistan’s share is below 0.5% and it ranks at 22nd on the leather exporters list. This should definitely be a matter of concern for the authorities and they should find an immediate remedy to the mistakes made in the past with regard to promotion of leather and leather products’ exports.

A country rich in livestock should have a seamless and high performing meat and leather industries. Pakistan is one such country but we do not see the twin industries performing at their actual potential. These underperforming industries need a well-integrated vision along with the implementing capacity to develop a long value-chain starting from modern slaughter houses to efficient tanneries equipped with latest technology to finished leather garments manufacturing units.

 

Apart from striving to obtain high yield of finished leather, many more steps need to be taken. Since fashionable leather goods including handbag, shoes, jewelry and watches are considered high-end value-added items, establishment of new fashion designing institutes across the country is necessary to increase export earnings through these items. Relying only on two major institutes National Institute of Leather Technology (NILT) and Leather Product Development Institute (LPDI) to seek a greater share in the global export pie is not good.

 

 

The leather industry of Pakistan has a significant economic importance for export earnings after textile sector. Its contribution in GDP is around 5% whereas its share in total export earnings is around 7%. This sector is providing employment to more than 200,000 people both in urban and rural areas of the country (Economic Survey of Pakistan, 2011). The leather industry is more inclined toward export that is why 90 % of the produced leather is exported either in the form of finished hides and skins or manufactured goods. The leather footwear manufacturing sector is a sub sector of leather industry It can further be divided into cottage and organized footwear manufacturing industry. The cottage industry fulfills the domestic footwear demands whereas organized industry has the potential to target the international market. With an estimated guess both cottage and organized industry manufacture one million pair of footwear daily but its annual share in world footwear export is less than 1%. Footwear manufacturing sector is one of those Pakistan’s economic sector which has shown an increase in its exports since 2003 (Source: ITC Trade Map). This sector has proved its importance in the economy by providing jobs, foreign exchange earnings and fulfilling the domestic demand of footwear. It is believed that footwear industry has potential and can perform far ahead of its existing capacity.

 

 Pakistan is globally recognized for its fine leather products. Germany, Italy, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia and UK are the major exporting markets for Pakistani footwear industry. As a matter of fact Pakistan’s share in the total international footwear export is very scanty. Footwear export of Pakistan was $131.2 million for the year 2014-15 whereas the quantity was 13.9 million pairs with an increase in value by 11.9%. An increase in average export price was reported that had come up to $9.43 per pair. (Source: Federal Bureau of Statistics, Government of Pakistan, 2015). Footwear factories are highly equipped and import of latest machinery in no more an issue for the manufacturers. Skilled manpower is capable enough to meet the international quality specifications. Availability of best leathers and other raw materials is sufficiently available for the industry furthermore Pakistan Footwear Manufacturing Association (PFMA) is an effective platform for the footwear exporters.

 

 Leather, rubber, plastic and textile are most common materials used in manufacturing of footwear exported from Pakistan. As far as leather is concerned, there are some tanneries in Pakistan which are providing best leathers to the footwear manufacturers. Pakistan tanning industry imports raw leather hides and skins from Kenya, China, Tanzania and Saudi Arabia (Haidri, 2010). Consistent growth in footwear export of Pakistan shows that it is a profitable business for the industrialists.

 

The exporters are fetching best prices for their products in the international market. There are several challenges for the industry as well. The European importers are more interested in those footwear products which materials are no more a threat to the environment and can be recycled. The availability of such type of material supply, training and development of manpower who can implement international quality standards are major issue for the industry.

 

   The results show that for every one percent increase in years of qualification there may be an increase of 0.345 percent in value of footwear export. The results show that for every one percent increase in years of export experience there may be an increase of 0.418 percent in value of footwear export. The dependence of footwear export on average raw material cost per pair has a negative relation which means for every one percent increase in average raw material cost per pair decreases the footwear export in value by 0.280 percent. The relevant importance of energy crisis is very high because results depict that for every one percent increase in energy the export of footwear would be decreased by 1.090 percent in value of footwear export.

 

The participation in international trade exhibitions is also a significant variable which shows that for every one percent increase in international trade participation there would be an increase of footwear export by 0.326 percent in export value. The focus on personal design collections has a negative impact on footwear export. It is depicted that for every one percent increase in focusing personal design collections decreases the footwear export by 0.152 percent in value of export. Discussion and Limitations   One of the major factors affecting footwear export of Pakistan is energy . The years of export experience has positive relationship with footwear export. The more a firm has export experience the higher the chances of getting more reactive to get more orders from international market   It is also found that ISO certifications have an impact on exports  The global trade has been more regularized than ever before. Only those manufactures qualify for export whose products meet required specification and conform to international standards. The other variables appear significant  

 

 one percent increase in average raw material cost per pair and focus on personal design collections decrease footwear export in value by 0.280 and 0.152 percent respectively. It was also found that one percent increase in technical manufacturing expertise would increase footwear export by 0.175 percent. The variable of focusing personal design collections shows a negative relationship with footwear export and it came out to be -0.152. The reason is that almost all the footwear manufacturers get their export orders provided with compete design and specification instructions from the foreign buyers. The manufacturers need to manufacture as per buyers demand. So just relying on personal design collections and expecting that it is enough to get export orders is not significant for footwear export  

 

 The results of the collected data indicate that which areas to be focused more by the policy and strategy makers for the improvement of footwear export in Pakistan. The energy crisis has been a national issue for last few decades not only for a specific sector but to the whole country. The export experience and qualification, technical knowledge, rapid excess to international markets, exhibition and raw material cost have direct impact on footwear exports.  

 Statistics in brief

In 2023, the revenue in Pakistan's Footwear market is estimated to be US$5bn. It is projected to grow annually by 3.44% (CAGR 2023-2028). The Leather Footwear segment is the largest market segment, with a market volume of US$3bn in 2023. In terms of per capita revenue, in Pakistan is expected to generate US$19.77 in 2023. By 2028, the expected volume in the Footwear market is 427.10m pairs. The market is expected to show a growth of 0.7% in 2024. The average volume per person in the Footwear market is projected to be 1.67pairs in 2023. Non-Luxury will account for 100% of sales in the Footwear market by 2023. Pakistan's traditional leather craftsmanship continues to be a driving force in the country's footwear market.

 

Pakistan produces a wide range of footwear to cater for the needs of a variety of customers – -men and women, boys and girls, pedestrians and joggers, business executives and bureaucrats, office goers and hawkers, squash and hockey players, cricketers and footballers, mountaineers and foresters, policemen and soldiers, specially designed footwear for the disabled, in fact, all those who need footwear according to their choice and special requirements. The large variety of Pakistan made footwear is really impressive. The population of Pakistan is about 200 million and taking average of 2 pairs per person per year, the total production comes to 400 million pairs per year. The Cottage Industry supplies bulk of the domestic needs according to the changing designs and tastes round the year, whereas, export needs are fulfilled by the organized / mechanized sector. Many factories have a production capacity of 2,500 pairs per day, while the larger units produce as much as 10,000 pairs per day. It includes leather, textile and synthetic shoes. Bulk of the exports, about 80% are of leather shoes in the medium price range of 9-12 US Dollars and are very competitive in the international market. The total exports of such shoes during year 2012-13 were 105 Million US Dollars and during year 2014 – 15 it remained 131.2 Million US Dollars.

 

  Footwear exports

From July 2022 through February 2023, the Asian country exported a total of 16.4 million pairs of shoes, generating revenue of 124.5 million US dollars. These figures indicate a growth of 37.80% in volume and 19.99% in value, on a comparable basis to the same period of the previous year.

 

 In the first eight months of the current year, Pakistan exported 7.36 million leather footwear pairs, worth 101.3 million US dollars, up by 43.55% and 21.75% from the same months last year - hence, leather footwear exports accounted for roughly 81% of the total value exported in the footwear category.

 

The other footwear segment also registered a significant increase in this period, shipping 8.95 million pairs, worth 22.65 million US dollars, up by 33.98% in volume and 14.35% in value, as compared to the prior year.  On the opposite trajectory, in this period, the canvas footwear segment recorded a decline of 7.75% in volume (80 thousand pairs) and 24.64% in value (540 million US dollars), year-over-year.  

 

 Quality control

The footwear industry in Pakistan spares no efforts to maintain highest quality in its production which has helped it retain consumer confidence. All raw materials, ingredients and chemicals undergo analysis and physical tests in accredited laboratories. Large industries engage their own technologists to carryout regular inspections while smaller units are specially fastidious in choice of their raw materials and components for the fancy and ornamented foot wears that they offer. They approach companies like SGS, CTC & National Leather Institute to avail their testing facilities. Moreover, most of the units engaged in exports are ISO-9000 qualified. The industry is in constant touch with the developments occurring in the modern footwear technology and technical know-how, especially in Europe. More recently, Pakistani footwear manufacturers have benefited from the latest designs and patterns developed in Italy and other western countries, and by using their own innovative skills, have evolved new and trendy patterns of the footwear.

Conclusion

This sector can contribute far ahead of its existing capacity in foreign earnings. The gap is very vast for researchers specially working in strategy and policy making. This industrial sector really needs research based support because there are no empirical researches conducted in this area.

 

 

 

2.4 Bln People Did Not Have Constant Access To Food

 2.4 Bln People Did Not Have Constant Access To Food, Hunger Stunts 148 Mln Children, Says UN Report in World — by Countercurrents Collective — 15/07/2023

 

Hunger

 

Approximately 2.4 billion individuals, largely women and residents of rural areas, did not have consistent access to nutritious, safe, and sufficient food in 2022, said UN’s latest report.

 

The U.N. delivered grim news on global food security Wednesday: As many as 783 million faced hunger, and 148 million children suffered from stunted growth.

 

More than 3.1 billion people – 42% of the global population – were unable to afford a healthy diet in 2021, an increase of 134 million people compared to 2019, it said.

 

The UN warned: The world is at risk of failing to meet its self-imposed obligation to see hunger eradicated by 2030.

 

About 735 million people worldwide faced chronic hunger last year, an estimated 122 million more than in 2019, before the Covid-19 pandemic, the UN has said, in its latest report — The State of Food Security and Nutrition 2023, Urbanization, agrifood systems, transformation and healthy diets across the rural urban continuum (July 2023) — on food security.

 

While countries in South America and many regions of Asia saw a decline in hunger rates thanks to economic recovery from the pandemic, the document reports, hunger is still on the rise in Western Asia, the Caribbean, and in all subregions of Africa. Among the main issues threatening progress towards the global goal to end hunger are conflicts, including the conflict in Ukraine, as well as weather-related events.

 

According to the projections presented in the document, 600 million people globally will be living undernourished by 2030, meaning that the world is “far off track” to meet the United Nations’ goal of eradicating hunger.

 

The pledge was made in 2015 when the UN adopted its Agenda for Sustainable Development, which includes 17 goals to be achieved, among them “creating a world free of hunger by 2023.”

 

Five U.N. agencies said in the report that while global hunger numbers stalled between 2021 and 2022 many places are facing deepening food crises. They pointed to Western Asia, the Caribbean and Africa, where 20% of the continent’s population is experiencing hunger, more than twice the global average.

 

“Recovery from the global pandemic has been uneven, and the war in Ukraine has affected the nutritious food and healthy diets,” Qu Dongyu, director-general of the Food and Agriculture Organization said in a statement. “This is the `new normal’ where climate change, conflict, and economic instability are pushing those on the margins even further from safety.”

 

FAO chief economist Maximo Torero said the FAO food price index has been declining for about 15 months, but “food inflation has continued.”

 

According to the report, people’s access to healthy diets has deteriorated across the world.

 

Key Findings     

 

Global Hunger: While global hunger numbers have stalled between 2021 and 2022, there are many places in the world facing deepening food crises. Over 122 million more people are facing hunger in the world since 2019 due to the pandemic and repeated weather shocks and conflicts, including the war in Ukraine.

Nutritional Access: Approximately 2.4 billion individuals, largely women and residents of rural areas, did not have consistent access to nutritious, safe, and sufficient food in 2022.

Child Malnutrition: Child malnutrition is still alarmingly high. In 2021, 22.3% (148.1 million) children were stunted, 6.8% (45 million) were wasted, and 5.6% (37 million) were overweight.

Urbanization’s Impact on Diet: As urbanization accelerates, there is a noticeable increase in the consumption of processed and convenience foods, leading to a spike in overweight and obesity rates across urban, peri-urban, and rural areas.

Rural Dependence on Global Markets: Previously self-sustaining rural regions, especially in Africa and Asia, are now found to be increasingly dependent on national and global food markets.

Future Outlook: By 2050, it’s projected that 70% of the global population will reside in cities. This significant demographic shift necessitates a reorientation of food systems to cater to these new urban populations and eradicate hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition.

UN Secretary-General Urges Adaption To Ballooning Urban Population

 

Following is the text of UN Secretary-General António Guterres’ video message at the launch of the State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2023 report, in New York on Wednesday:

 

In a world of plenty, no one should go hungry.  And no one should suffer the cruelty of malnutrition. But, this report on the state of food security and nutrition paints a stark picture of our reality.

 

Conflict, climate, economic shocks and inequalities are driving food insecurity.  Up to 780 million people do not have enough to eat.  More than 3 billion cannot afford a healthy diet.  And by 2030, it is projected that more than 600 million people will still be living with hunger.

 

There are rays of hope:  some regions are on track to achieve some 2030 nutrition targets. But, overall, we need an intense and immediate global effort to rescue the Sustainable Development Goals.

 

We must build resilience against the crises and shocks that drive food insecurity — from conflict to climate.  We must protect gains in child nutrition, including from risks posed by rising obesity.  And we must ensure food systems are fit for the future.  That means adapting to the reality of a ballooning urban population — the focus of this year’s report.

 

I urge Governments to respond to our call for an SDG Stimulus, to scale up affordable long-term financing for all countries in need, by at least $500 billion a year.  This will help countries ensure their people have access to affordable, nutritious food. And I urge all Governments to make the most of the UN Food Systems Summit and Stocktaking Moment in Rome this month to 

Relationship between inequality , poverty and diversity

 

Relationship between inequality , poverty and diversity

 

Introduction

Inequality

Inequality refers to the unequal distribution of resources, opportunities, and wealth within a society. It can manifest in various forms, such as income inequality, educational disparities, or uneven access to healthcare. Inequality often leads to social and economic disadvantages for certain groups or individuals, limiting their chances of upward mobility and creating a cycle of poverty. Inequality, is by definition a relative concept. Inequality is concerned with summarizing the unevenness in the distribution of resources and opportunities among individuals, among groups in a population or among countries.

Poverty

Poverty, on the other hand, is generally understood as a state of deprivation or lack of material resources necessary for a decent standard of living. It is closely related to inequality because unequal distributions of resources can result in higher levels of poverty. Marginalized or disadvantaged groups, such as racial and ethnic minorities, women, or people with disabilities, are often disproportionately affected by poverty due to systemic discrimination and limited access to opportunities.

Diversity refers to the presence of a variety of different social and cultural groups within a society. Diversity encompasses differences in race, ethnicity, gender, religion, sexual orientation, and other dimensions of identity. It is important to recognize that diversity can exist within different socioeconomic strata, including both privileged and marginalized groups.

Analysis

The relationship between inequality, poverty, and diversity is complex and multifaceted. However, there are a number of ways in which these three concepts intersect.

·                                 Inequality can lead to poverty. When resources are distributed unevenly, those who are at the bottom of the economic ladder are more likely to experience poverty. This is because they have less access to opportunities, such as education and healthcare, which can help them escape poverty.

·                                 Poverty can lead to social exclusion. When people are poor, they are often excluded from mainstream society. This can be due to a number of factors, such as their lack of resources, their social status, or their cultural background. Social exclusion can make it difficult for people to escape poverty, as it limits their access to opportunities and resources.

·                                 Diversity can exacerbate inequality. When different groups of people have different levels of access to resources, this can lead to inequality. For example, if one group of people is disproportionately poor, this can create a situation where they are excluded from opportunities and resources. This can further perpetuate inequality and poverty.

 

Studies find that ethnic and linguistic fractionalization contributes to poverty levels. good economic policies alone are not necessarily sufficient to reduce poverty and promote growth.

 

Ethnic diversity plays a significant role, and therefore needs to be considered when formulating policies to reduce poverty the central point is that, it is impossible to achieve the goals of sustainable development if cultural imbalance that exacerbate inequality is ignored. Social scientists have suggested that cultural diversity in a nation leads to societal instability. However, societal instability may be affected not only by within-nation or α diversity, but also diversity between a nation and its neighbours or β diversity. It is also necessary to distinguish different domains of diversity, namely linguistic, ethnic and religious, and to distinguish between the direct effects of diversity on societal instability, and effects that are mediated by economic conditions.

 

 

 

 

The above table does suggest that inequality ay well be the cause of increased poverty in a society institutively this appears to be a valid hypotheses, the above Table if restricted to first 7 or all 10(r² 0.656) entries would support this statement but the whole available data for more than 130 or more nation states would not result in such a clear cut conclusion 

In the roughly three decades leading up to the most recent recession, looking at the officially measured poverty rate, educational upgrading and overall income growth were the two biggest poverty-reducing factors, while income inequality was the largest poverty-increasing factor. Relative to these factors, the racial composition of the U.S. population over this period (the growth of nonwhite populations with higher likelihoods of poverty) and changes in family structure (the growth of single mother households) have contributed much less to poverty, particularly in recent years.

 

The figure below plots the impact of these economic and demographic factors on the official poverty rate from 1979 to 2007. The impact of income inequality and income growth were quantitatively large, but in the opposite directions.

 

 

 Had income growth been equally distributed, which in this analysis means that all families’ incomes would have grown at the pace of the average, the poverty rate would have been 5.5 points lower, essentially, 44 percent lower than what it was. 

This rise in inequality, in turn, has been dominated by inequality of pre-tax, pre-transfer, market incomes. This means that making real progress on pushing the poverty rate down going forward would be helped enormously by checking or even reversing this growth in market income inequality. In concrete terms, this means we need wages to go up for those at the bottom and middle of the income distribution.

Conclusions

 

Within-nation linguistic diversity is associated with reduced economic performance, which, in turn, increases societal instability. Nations which differ linguistically from their neighbors are also less stable. However, religious diversity between neighboring nations has the opposite effect, decreasing societal instability. income inequality, a topic that has long been a matter of concern among economists, sociologists, and policy makers. A large body of literature can be found on the causes and effects of income inequality in human societies. Researchers have examined a number of factors - both internal such as education (xxx), economic policy of the government (Picketty 2013), political environment (Mullen, 2013), trade policy (Winters, McCulloch and McKay, 2004) as well as external such as colonization (Charles-Coll, 2013) , globalization (Meschi and Vivarelli, 2007; Ravallion, 2004; Kentor, 2001), technology (Jaumotte, Lull and Papageorgiou, 2008), etc., to explain the causes of income inequality in the role of culture in income inequality is that culture plays an important role by affecting government policies on taxation and spending, trade policies, and economic philosophy that would affect income inequality. 

However, diversity can also be a force for good in addressing inequality and poverty. When different groups of people work together, they can pool their resources and knowledge to create solutions that benefit everyone. For example, a diverse group of people may be able to come up with new ideas for how to address poverty, or they may be able to identify and address the root causes of inequality.

·                                 Inequality can be both a cause and a consequence of poverty. In some cases, inequality can lead to poverty, as those who are at the bottom of the economic ladder are less likely to have the resources they need to escape poverty. However, in other cases, poverty can lead to inequality, as those who are poor are less likely to have the same opportunities as those who are not poor.

·                                 Diversity can be a source of strength in addressing inequality and poverty. When different groups of people work together, they can pool their resources and knowledge to create solutions that benefit everyone. This is because different groups of people often have different perspectives and experiences, which can help them to identify and address the root causes of inequality and poverty.

In many cases, inequality and poverty can be exacerbated by a lack of diversity or by the unequal treatment of diverse groups. Discrimination and prejudice can hinder the social and economic advancement of marginalized communities, perpetuating a cycle of poverty and further exacerbating inequality. Inclusive policies and practices that value diversity and promote equal opportunities for all individuals, regardless of their background, can help address these issues.

 

·                                 There is no one-size-fits-all solution to the problem of inequality, poverty, and diversity. The best approach will vary depending on the specific context. However, it is clear that these three concepts are interconnected, and that they all play a role in shaping the lives of people around the world.

 

Ultimately, the relationship between inequality, poverty, and diversity is complex and multifaceted. However, it is clear that these three concepts are interconnected, and that they all play a role in shaping the lives of people around the world.

Furthermore, addressing inequality and poverty requires a comprehensive approach that takes into account the intersectionality of different forms of disadvantage. Individuals who belong to multiple marginalized groups may face compounded challenges and higher levels of inequality and poverty.

In summary, inequality, poverty, and diversity are interconnected concepts. Inequality can contribute to higher levels of poverty, and both inequality and poverty can disproportionately affect diverse or marginalized groups. Recognizing and addressing these interconnections is crucial for fostering a more equitable and inclusive society.